My question is human already developed a supercomputer which can work almost equivalent to human brain but size and power(energy) required to operation is very huge.
SUPERCOMPUTER requires 200 MW && HUMAN BRAIN requires just 20 Watts
HOW wonder it is......how powerful we are.........Let me explain clearly
HUMAN BRAIN SYSTEM
Bibliographic Entry
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Result
(w/surrounding text) |
Standardized
Result |
Drubach,
Daniel. The Brain Explained. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 2000.
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"Although the brain accounts for less
than 2% of a person's weight, it consumes 20% of the body's energy."
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20 W
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"Body,
Physics of." Macmillan Encyclopedia of Physics. New York:
Macmillan, 1996.
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"The average power consumption of a
typical adult is about 100 W."
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20 W
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Brown,
Guy. The Energy of Life. New York: Free Press, 1999.
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"The human brain is only 2% of the
weight of the body, but it consumes about 20% of the total energy in the body
at rest."
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20 W
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Hart,
Leslie. How the Brain Works. New York: Basic Books, Publishers,
1975.
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"Even so, the brain when awake demands
a greedy share of the body's energy supply: thought weighing about 1/50 of
the body total, it may use as much as 1/5 of all the energy that is
consumed."
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20 W
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Yang,
Eric. "Think Dinner." Mac Evolution.
13 February 1998.
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"It's well known that the human brain
accounts for about 20% of the total oxygen consumption when a person is at
rest, so let us assume that the brain accounts for 20% of the total body
energy consumption."
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20 W
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The brain makes up 2% of a person's weight. Despite this, even at rest, the brain consumes 20% of the body's energy. The brain consumes energy at 10 times the rate of the rest of the body per gram of tissue. The average power consumption of a typical adult is 100 Watts and the brain consumes 20% of this making the power of the brain 20 W.
Based on a 2400 calorie diet (Adapted from Yang)
2400 "food calorie" = 2400 kcal
2400 kcal / 24 hr = 100 kcal/hr = 27.8 cal/sec = 116.38 J/s = 116 W
20% x 116 W = 23.3 W
Glucose is the main energy source for the brain. As the size and complexity of the brain increases, energy requirements increase.
The human brain is one of the most energy hungry organs in the body thereby increasing its vulnerability. If the energy supply is cut off for 10 minutes, there is permanent brain damage. There is no other organ nearly as sensitive to changes in its energy supply.
In 1955, Albert Einstein's brain was preserved for research. Three scientific papers have been published examining the features of Einstein's brain. Albert Einstein's brain differed to normal men's brain in that his brain had more glial cells per neuron that might indicate that neurons in Einstein's brain had an increased "metabolic need"-- they needed and used more energy. Einstein's brain weighed only 1,230 grams, which is less than the average adult male brain (about 1,400 grams). The thickness of Einstein's cerebral cortex was thinner. However, the density of neurons in Einstein's brain was greater. In other words, Einstein was able to pack more neurons in a given area of cortex.
The most recent study concerning Einstein's brain was published in the British medical journal The Lancet, on June 19, 1999. They found that a portion of the brain that governs mathematical abilities and spatial reasoning -- 2 key ingredients to the sort of thinking Einstein did best -- was 15% wider than average allowing better connection between its cells, which could have allowed them to work together more efficiently.
SUPER COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES
I will just show the statistics of last attempt to mimic the brain process.
In 2011 fastest computer in Japan was launched:
K computer OR SPARC64 VIIIfx 2.0GHz
Features:- Manufacturer: Fujitsu
- · Cores: 705,024
- · Linpack Performance (Rmax) 10,510 TFlop/s
- · Theoretical Peak (Rpeak) 11,280.4 TFlop/s
- · Power: 12,659.89 kW
- · Memory: 1,410,048 GB (16GB RAM per CPU)
- · Processor: SPARC64 VIIIfx 8C 2GHz (88,128 CPUs, 8-core each)
- · Operating System: Linux
It's currently world's 4th fastest supercomputer.
Source: Top 500 Supercoputers
Now,
An 83,000-Processor Supercomputer Can Only Match 1% of Your Brain
...The most accurate simulation of the human brain to date has been carried out in a Japanese supercomputer, with a single second’s worth of activity from just one per cent of the complex organ taking one of the world’s most powerful supercomputers 40 minutes to calculate. Researchers used the K computer in Japan, currently the fourth most powerful in the world, to simulate human brain activity. The computer has 705,024 processor cores and 1.4 million GB of RAM, but still took 40 minutes to crunch the data for just one second of brain activity...
TECHNOLOGY IMPROVED SUCH A WAY GIVEN BELOW
Top 10 Supercomputers, Illustrated (June 2013)
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The twice-a-year list of the Top 500 supercomputers documents the most powerful systems on the planet. Many of these supercomputers are striking not just for their processing power, but for their design and appearance as well. Here’s a look at the top finishers in the latest Top 500 list, which was released earlier today at the ISC13 supercomputing conference in Leipzing, Germany.
TIANHE 2, Guangzhou Supercomputing Center
A look at the new supercomputing champion, the Tinahe-2 (Milky Way 2) system from China.
This powerful new system is the second Chinese supercomputer to place first in the Top500, following in the footsteps of its namesake Tianhe-1, which topped the list in 2010. The Tianhe-2 system (also known as Milky Way 2) is the world’s new number one system with a performance of 33.86 petaflop/s on the Linpack benchmark, well ahead of the runner-up Titan supercomputer. Its 16,000 nodes will also boast a lot of memory, with 88GB per node, for a total of 1.404 petabytes of system memory. A proprietary optoelectronics hybrid transport interconnect technology and global shared parallel storage system containing 12.4 petabytes round out the specifications.There are 32,000 Intel Ivy Bridge Xeon sockets and 48,000 Xeon Phi boards for a total of 3,120,000 cores. The TH-2 system would represent the largest installation of Intel Ivy Bridge processors and Intel Phi coprocessors. Phi is Intel’s Many Integrated Core (MIC) architecture for highly parallel workloads. The Tianhe-2 system will have a peak power consumption under load of 17.6 megawatts.
TITAN SUPERCOMPUTER, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
The Titan supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is now in second position on the Top500. (Photo: Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
After leading the Top500 in November, the Titan supercomputer, a Cray XK7 system installed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, is the runner-up this time with a mark of 17.59 Petaflops (quadrillions of calculations per second) on the Linpack benchmark. Titan has 560,640 processors, including 261,632 NVIDIA K20x accelerator cores. The 200-cabinet Cray supercomputer has a second life, having ruled the Top 500 as Jaguar. The system has been overhauled with faster hardware and networking system, and taken on a new name to reflect its super-charged capabilities. Titan has been accelerated by a hybrid computing architecture teaming traditional central processing units (CPUs) from AMD with the high-speed graphics processing units (GPUs) from NVIDIA to create a faster and more efficient machine. Each of Titan’s 200 cabinets will require up to 54 kilowatts of power, an intense high-density load. The system is cooled with an advanced cooling system developed by Cray, which uses both water and refrigerants. Titan is one of the most energy efficient systems on the list, consuming a total of 8.21 MW and delivering 2,143 Mflops/W. The ECOPhlex (short for PHase-change Liquid Exchange) cooling system uses two cooling loops, one filled with a refrigerant (R-134a ), and the other with chilled water.
SEQUOIA SUPERCOMPUTER, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Sequoia is an the LLNL system that is now the third-most pwoerful supercomputer in the world. (Photo: IBM)
In the third position is Sequoia, the champ in the June 2012 Top 500, a Blue Gene/Q supercomputer built on IBM Power architecture at the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Californa. Sequoia consists of 96 racks; 98,304 compute nodes, 1.6 million cores and 1.6 petabytes of memory, and achieved 17.17 petaflop/s on the Linpack benchmark. Sequoia is also one of the most energy efficient systems on the list, consuming a total of 7.84 MW and delivering 2,031.6 Mflops/W.The National Nuclear Security Administration uses Sequoia to research the safety, security and reliability of the United States’ nuclear deterrent , replacing the need for underground testing.
K SUPERCOMPUTER, RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science (AICS), Japan
The “K” supercomputer, a two-time Top 500 champion, is now the number four system. Installed at the RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science (AICS) in Kobe, Japan, the K Computer it achieved an impressive 10.51 Petaflop/s on the Linpack benchmark using 705,024 SPARC64 processing cores. The K Computer is joint project by Fujitsu and the RIKEN center, and was the first supercomputer to achieve a performance level of 10 Petaflop/s, or 10 quadrillion calculations per second. The K computer had taken the No. 1 position in both June 2011 and November 2011. The K computer is now supported by a 6 megawatt gas turbine cogeneration system, part of the electrical facilities at RIKEN.
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