Welcome to SPOTTURNS page, Greetings from my side with following link GATE HAND WRITTEN NOTES.

Saturday, 18 June 2016

Mathematics is simple but tricky...........look at this.........u will understand......how tricky maths was?

As we know that the derivative of x2 , with respect to x , is 2x
i.e., d/dx(x2)=2x
However, suppose we write x2  as the sum of x ‘s written up x times..
i.e x2=x+x+x+…+x times
12=1
22=2+2
32=3+3+3……………………
……………………………….
x2=x+x+x+x+x+…………….+x times
let us take f(x)=x2=x+x+x+x+……….x times
now. F1(x)= d/dx (x2)=d/dx(x+x+x+……..+x times)
i.e F1(x)= d/dx(x)+ d/dx(x)+ d/dx(x)+ ………x times
             =1+1+1……….+x times
            = is actually x, not 2x..
Where is the error?
Error: x2
will equal to x+x+x+…+x x times only when x is a positive integer (i.e., x∈Z+. But for the differentiation, we define a function as the function of a real variable. Therefore, as x is a real number, there arises a domain R−Z+ where the statement x2=x+x+x+…+x x times fails.
And since, the expansion  x2≠x+x+x+…+x x times  for x∈R
, the respective differentiations will not be equal to each other.
Then how can x2expanded in such a way?
If x is a positive integer:
x2=x+x+x+…+x x times
But when when x is an arbitrary real number >0, then x can be written as the sum of it’s greatest integer function [x] and fractional part function {x}. 
Therefore, x2=[x]⋅x+x⋅x
x2=(x+x+…+x) [x]times +x⋅x
So, we can now correct the fallacy by changing the solution steps to:
x2=x[x]+x{x}
d/dx[x²]=d/dx(x[x]+x{x})
(differentiation by part)
=1⋅[x]+x⋅[x]′+1⋅{x}+x⋅{x}′
since d/dx(x)=x′=1
and [x]’ & {x}’ represent differentiation of each with respect to x.
=[x]+{x}+x([x]′+{x}′)

=x+x(x′)=x+x=2x

No comments: